Antimicrobial resistance educational and refresher resources

Antimicrobial resistance and stewardship

Agriculture Victoria has created a playlist of videos covering:

• background to antimicrobials, resistance and stewardship
• antimicrobial use in the dairy industry
• extended presentations on the role of veterinarians, One Health and zoonoses, animal health and international trade, emerging diseases and emergency responses, and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and antimicrobial stewardship (AMS).

The series covers:

1. Introduction to antimicrobial resistance and stewardship (Professor Glenn F. Browning)
2. Antimicrobial usage – when and why? (Professor Glenn F. Browning)
3. Pharmacokinetics of antimicrobials (Professor Glenn F. Browning)
4. Pharmacodynamic factors affecting dosage and therapeutic response (Professor Glenn F. Browning)
5. What is antimicrobial stewardship and how does it affect veterinary medicine? (Professor Glenn F. Browning)
6. Where does antimicrobial resistance come from and how does it spread? (Professor Glenn F. Browning)
7. How can we control antimicrobial resistance? (Professor Glenn F. Browning)
8. Farmer and veterinary attitudes to antimicrobial usage (Professor Scott McDougall)
9. Measuring antimicrobial usage and disease on farm (Professor Scott McDougall)
10. Helping dairy farmers optimise antimicrobial usage (Professor Scott McDougall)
11. Australian veterinarians and global challenges (Dr Mark Schipp, 2017 AVA Annual Conference)
12. One Health - a personal perspective (Professor Chris Baggoley, 2017 AVA Annual Conference)

Speakers and presenters

Professor Glenn F. Browning is a veterinary microbiologist with interests in applying an understanding of the fundamental pathogenesis and epidemiology of infectious diseases to development of solutions to problems in animal health.

Professor Scott McDougall is an Australian veterinarian who is a registered specialist in cattle reproduction in New Zealand.

Dr Mark Schipp is the Australian Chief Veterinary Officer and President of the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) General Assembly.

Professor Chris Baggoley is an Australian doctor and the former Chief Medical Officer of Australia between 2011 and 2016.

Antimicrobial prescribing and use guidelines

Guidelines are exactly that – guidelines. Veterinarians must take responsibility to comply with legislative requirements associated with prescribing, dispensing and using chemicals; as well as for the outcomes of their professional judgement. The following are some evidence-based guidelines for consideration:

• The University of Melbourne: Australian Veterinary Prescribing Guidelines – Companion animal guidelines
• The University of Melbourne: Australian Veterinary Prescribing Guidelines – Equine guidelines
• The University of Melbourne: Australian Veterinary Prescribing Guidelines – Bovine guidelines 
• The University of Melbourne: Australian Veterinary Prescribing Guidelines – Antimicrobial Stewardship
• British Small Animal Veterinary Association (BSAVA) guide to the use of veterinary medicines 2nd edition
• Antibiotic judicious use guidelines for the New Zealand veterinary profession: Equine (NB: Registration as a NZVA user is required for access to resources. Registration is free.)
• Antibiotic judicious use guidelines for the New Zealand veterinary profession: Dairy (NB: Registration as a NZVA user is required for access to resources. Registration is free.)
• New Zealand Veterinary Association (NZVA): Guidelines for the clinical use of antimicrobial agents in the treatment of dogs and cats (NB: Registration as a NZVA user is required for access to resources. Registration is free.)

Antimicrobial resistance strategies and action plans

• Australian Government National AMR Strategy and Implementation Plan
• World Health Organization: global action plan on antimicrobial resistance
• Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations: Action Plan on AMR 2021-2025
• World Organisation for Animal Health: OIE strategy on AMR and prudent use of antimicrobials
• EU One Health Action Plan against AMR

Reviews and articles

• Australian Centre for Antimicrobial Resistance Ecology (ACARE) Report on AMR in Australian pets and livestock disease-causing bacteria (2016)
• AURA Report 2021
• 'Review on antimicrobial resistance' chaired by Jim O'Neill (2016)
• 'Antimicrobials used for surgical prophylaxis by equine veterinary practitioners in Australia' by Dr Laura Hardefeldt et al. (2017)
• 'Antimicrobials used for surgical prophylaxis by companion animal veterinarians in Australia' by Dr Laura Hardefeldt et al. (2017)
• 'Antimicrobial prescribing in dogs and cats in Australia: results of the Australasian Infectious Disease Advisory Panel Survey' by Dr Laura Hardefeldt et al. (2017)